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Graham David Hughes is a British adventurer, filmmaker, television presenter and Guinness World Record holder. Hughes successfully visited all 193 United Nations member states and several other territories across the world without flying. He did so over a period of nearly four years and completed the task in November 2012. While on his journey he presented the television program ''Graham's World'' on the National Geographic Adventure channel, a weekly look into his ongoing quest to break multiple world records by visiting every country on earth without flying.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Graham's World )〕 ==The Odyssey Expedition== The Odyssey Expedition was a quest to drop in on every one of the 193 UN member states. For the United Kingdom, Hughes visited all of the four constituent countries that make up the kingdom, and counted the UN member state as four separate countries. Hughes also visited the non-member state of Vatican City, as well as the partially recognized non-member states of Palestine, Western Sahara, Kosovo, and Taiwan, for a total of 201 "countries" without flying. He says people tend to wonder how he got into the further-out countries like North Korea, Iraq and Afghanistan, but he says they were the easy ones.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=I am the FIRST (and ONLY) person to visit EVERY COUNTRY in the world WITHOUT FLYING. I now live on a private island in the Caribbean. ASK ME ANYTHING!!! : IAmA )〕 Before embarking on the journey, Hughes contacted Guinness World Records to agree in advance the rules of his unique journey. They were: no flying as part of the journey, no private taxis over long distances (shared "bush" taxis were okay), no hitch-hiking, Hughes could not drive a vehicle or ride a motorbike as part of the journey (Guinness World Records do not permit people to "race" on public roads in private vehicles in order to set or break records), he must set foot on dry land (sailing into territorial waters did not count) and no travelling to far flung territories and counting them as a visit the motherland. Private transport was permitted over short distances (such as taking a private taxi across town), private transport was also permitted over water and he was allowed to take a break from the journey for personal reasons so long as he did not fly as part of the journey and he returned to the exact spot from which he left, something he did twice on his landmark journey. It was agreed that the clock would not stop.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NBCNews.com Video Player )〕 Hughes completed his expedition on Monday 26 November 2012 after entering South Sudan. He travelled overland back to his hometown of Liverpool so that if other countries come into being following the end of his journey, he can travel there and back without flying to keep the spirit of The Odyssey. Guinness World Records were reportedly unhappy with his entry into Russia as it was the only country he entered without passing an official border post. In January 2013 Hughes returned to Russia, this time with an official visa. While on The Odyssey Expedition, Hughes helped raise funds and awareness for the charity WaterAid.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WaterAid - News )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Graham Hughes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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